Design of Triangular Microstrip Patch with Covered and Space Dielectric

This paper presents the effect on resonant frequency (fr) of equilateral triangular patch due to cover and space dielectric. It is observed that as the superstrate dielectric constant and its thickness increases, the resonant frequency decreases. For space dielectric, as the air gap between patch and space dielectric increases the resonant frequency increases with incremental change in fr < 0.4%. For large air gap, resonant frequency tends towards the simple microstrip antenna fr. The accuracy in fr of present and calculated from both FDTD and IE3D is ≤ 1%. The effects on co and cross polarization with respect to dielectric constant have also been calculated. The proposed design is very useful to design the equilateral triangular patch with wide bandwidth, high gain, to estimate the environmental effect on resonant frequency. Index Terms — Resonant Frequency, Equilateral triangular microstrip patch, Substrate and Superstrate.